Political Morality And Leadership Lessons - 2220 Words

Discussions about political morality and leadership often lead differences of opinion over the means to attaining them even in the face of numerous consensuses about the nature and scope of the end itself. This means that most commentators on the issue disagree on many philosophical or procedural bases but yet agree on some. A classic example of this dualism is represented in the leadership lessons covered by Cicero, on the one hand, and Machiavelli on the other. Whereas their lessons are fundamentally divergent in many regards, there are some subtle points of implicit convergence. The purpose of this essay is to assess with a comparison and contract of the lessons as found by the assigned writings of Cicero and Machiavelli. Both of these books providers time-tested theories and assertions that have been used to obtain and sustain power and leadership. One of the points of convergence in the leadership lessons offered by both philosophers is the appreciation of the role of fate or accident that occurs when one is thrust into a power position. Whereas both do not underestimate the role of personal attributes and dedication in attaining these positions, they strongly hold the position that chance and fate can be a major contributor to one’s ascendance to power. Cicero, for instance, argues that â€Å"chance or opportunity thrusts upon the individual† when it comes to attaining kingdoms, command, high offices, nobility, property and wealth (Cicero, 1951). He further contendsShow MoreRelatedLeadership Qualities Of Nelson Mandela875 Words   |  4 PagesAfrica, Mandela was treasured for his outstanding leadership style, wisdom, motivational behavior, and courage of bringing people together to live in harmony. Leadership refers to the ability of motivating and influencing individuals towards attaining specific targets, while ethics depicts moral values that govern individual’s conduct to maintain constancy and order (Chasi, Levy, 2016, p.11). As a good leader, Mandela established his leadership styles and with a visionary mind and inspired theRead MoreHuman Control And Its Effects On Modern Society1458 Words   |  6 Pagesthat when human control is given, the best outcomes result when humans act selflessly instead of selfishly. According to Livy, therefore, historical knowledge helps us develop a more collectivistic view of our modern society in order to maintain morality in them. The story of Horatius Cocles clearly shows that courage persists when it’s done through unselfishness. While in the midst of the Janiculum being under attack during a battle between Rome and the Etrusctan army, Horatius Cocles sacrificedRead MoreMadeleine Later Became Deputy Secretary Of Education In1554 Words   |  7 Pagespoliticians. Women and Leadership is a chapter in the book that looks at two forms of leadership and the ways women define themselves as leaders. Madeleine talks about a study that was done by James MacGregor Burns that divides leadership into two categories. Transactional leadership which requires the ability to obtain results and transformational leadership which is when leaders engage with a follower in such ways that both parties are raised to high levels of motivation and morality (page 60). The studyRead MorePearls, Power And Politics. Madeleine Kunin Is Known As1674 Words   |  7 Pagespoliticians. Women and Leadership is a chapter in the book that looks at two forms of leadership and the ways women define themselves as leaders. Madeleine talks about a study that was done by James MacGregor Burns that divides leadership into two categories. Transactional leadership which requires the ability to obtain results and transformational leadership which is when leaders engage with a follower in such ways that both parties are raised to high levels of motivation and morality (60). The study concludedRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince864 Words   |  4 PagesMachiavelli’s The Prince, guided me to become a better leader. Some consider him as an opportunist or manipulative, while others like me see him as a great influence in the history of politics. Moreover, I learned four leadership lessons from his book and applied them to my life. I chose these lessons because I feel that they are ultimately important for anyone ruling a country or trying to become a successful leader. For instance, to be feared is key to ruling, princes must avoid making themselves hated byRead MoreAncient Greeks and Leaders Today1114 Words   |  5 PagesAncient Greeks and Leaders Today WHAT LESSONS DO THE ANCIENT GREEKS TEACH US ABOUT THE ROLE OF PERSONAL CHARACTER IN A GOOD NATIONAL LEADER? Leaders of heroic stature In his Theogeny, Hesiod describes and compares the leadership of Chronos and Zeus where one is a Titan and the other is a god. Chronos leads the Titans with a strong hand and dictatorial rule while Zeus is more democratic in listening to the gods. In addition, Chronos eats his children representing how bad leaders will destroyRead MoreEthical Failures Of A Professional Work Environment920 Words   |  4 Pagesbrief meeting encapsulates the impedance of group thinking. This concept of groupthink, as an impediment, is one of the first important lessons we learned from this disaster. One large red flag we found in this situation was the political pressure as the most superior role in the chain of command. This became an enormous pressure on every person in a leadership position, as it made their decision directly related to the reelection of a president, as well as their nation s pursuit of space travelRead MorePerspective on Death in the Play Everyman Essays1344 Words   |  6 Pagesmay have been written many years ago, but its lessons are still relevant today. Generally, the facts of death are very traumatizing and in fact unthinkable. This leads the modern day Everyman to ignore its significance, dying without acknowledging or reflecting on their lives here on earth. It is based on this fact that this paper aims to show the position of the author of the play â€Å"Everyman† regarding death. History of the Play Like many other morality- allegorical plays, Everyman, fits in as theRead MoreGeorge Tenet the Last Great Days of the Cia1273 Words   |  6 Pagesmany times of late, most notably in the climate change area. (Environmental Leader. 2009) LESSONS There are two glaring lesions from this case study public administrators can learn from and change going forward. The first is to appoint well qualified, experienced people to high level positions, particularly cabinet positions. Every President, including Obama, lacks in this area because of political promises made for election or legislation. (Farnum. 2012) While Tenet was effective in a numberRead MoreAnalysis Of Octavia Butler s Series Of The Parables1508 Words   |  7 Pagesinterdisciplinary course of study, which allowed me to foster my understanding of the global society, the complexities of intercultural interactions, and the ability to apply political theories to interpret one situation from multiple perspectives. When choosing the topic for my senior thesis, I was torn between delving into a political crisis or taking the opportunity to re-visit my love of literature in an academic framework. Speculative fiction is the crossroads I have found between my love of liter ature

Essay on A Near Death Experience as a Religious Experience

A Near Death Experience as a Religious Experience A near death experience can be defined as an event which occurs to people when seemingly the bodily functions which confirm life have stopped, (i.e. clinically dead). It often has an ‘out of body’ element and may be interrupted in a religious or non religious way. Most individuals who claim to have had a near death experience say that there is a sense of indescribable bliss, ecstasy and peace. Similarly, a religious experience is usually described as a non-empirical occurrence, and may be perceived as supernatural. It is a mental event which is undergone by an individual and of which that person is aware. Recipients of a religious experience usually†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I began to experience the most wonderful feelings. I couldn’t feel a thing in the world except peace, comfort ease – just quietness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (An individual who claims to have had a near death experience) Moreover, it could also be explained in physiological terms; where an individual could have a body illness, or the brain being deprived of oxygen. These could distort their image of the world leading to them not obtaining a real picture of what’s going on, and hence making them think they are undergoing a divine experience, whether religious or near death. It could also be the result of affects in neurological terms (involving the nervous system). The brain could be affected by nerves and how they are working. This could also be in connection with common diseases such as Parkinson’s, Multiple Sclerosis and other, whereby they affect the individual’s brain and what they perceive. â€Å"I tried to tell my nurses what had happened when I woke up, but they told me not to talk about it, that I was just imagining things.† (An individual who claims to have had a near death experience) These experiences could also be psychological, where an individual feels a sense of isolation. Dreams and delusions could also be a reason. For example, in times of ultimate stress, it tightens sensitivity and stress release endorphins could cause visions. A near death experience can be purelyShow MoreRelatedReligion And Its Effects On Society1584 Words   |  7 Pagesof years, billions of humans have existed and every single one of their lives will end with death. Over these years, many humans have founded multiple religions that explain that which cannot be explained. While the majority of people devote their lives to these religions, these religions come across as fear mongering campaign against the evils they are creating. The honest answer of what happens after death is still not proven in today, leaving millions of people to decide to either believe in a religionRead MoreThe Mortality Rate Of Humans1575 Words   |  7 PagesPeople recognize that death is the terminal point in the life of a physical body. In a moment, a person s memory, personality, and experiences all seem to disappear. It is foolish for people to live a life unprepared for the inevitable where one s existence ceases to exist. In fact, the mortality rate of humans is 100 percent. Perhaps some essential part of people survive death and lives forever beyond the grave. The truth can come from two choices- speculation or revelation. Many people believeRead MoreDoes God Exist? C. S. Lewis1521 Words   |  7 PagesGod’s existence is difficult in terms of visually seeing him, one can just know that he exists based on faith. Life after death experiences, the God particle, and scientific theories all pinpoint the explanation of God’s existence. Life after Death or Near-death experiences often have a great deal to do with what a person already believes. Culture to culture, these experiences involve bright light, celestial figures and a sense of watching your own body from above and sometimes all three. AccordingRead MoreDo You Believe? Life After Death?881 Words   |  4 PagesDo you believe in life after death? It’s a pretty controversial topic. Although it has not been proven that the afterlife is 100% legitimate, many people still believe in it. Some may consider that it is real due to religious teachings. Others have an inclination that paranormal activity and ghosts seem to be a palpable source of evidence that the soul continues to live even after the body has died. However, these views have not been proven. Although the idea of an afterlife seems far-fetched toRead MoreDeath Is The Study Of Dying, Death, And Bereavement1716 Words   |  7 Pagesdying, death, and bereavement.† I believe that the study of death will be a topic to be discussed and forever researched. There are many different aspects of death that I believe people can study, rather it be cultural believes, medically researching different processes of death, or even just what your own personal discovery of what death exactly is or what happens after death. No one can interview the dead. No one can find out if death is peaceful, or if there is life after death, or what death feelsRead MoreJoseph Smith Believed The Laminites Were The Ancestors Of The Native American Indians Essay1305 Words   |  6 Pagesbody, and one soul. This is God’s word. â€Å"Death is not as straightforward as it used to be...technology has changed all of that. Doctors can identify different stages of death. We also have the capability of controlling the onset and pace of the dying process† . Today’s society has defined death as an irreversible cessation of total brain function with a variety of stages. One stage is a permanent loss of consciousness. Another is middle brain death, or â€Å"locked-in† syndrome. A third is a comaRead MorePersonal Worldview Inventory 1 Essay1509 Words   |  7 Pagesor act the same way. It all depends on their world view, background, morals, and personalities. My main goal in life is to help others ever since I was a child. I was raised in a very religious catholic home. I was the middle child of five children in a Hispanic family. I grew up in a small Hispanic community near Mexico. As we were growing up we were exposed to people living in poverty and we were expected to help them with what we had. Even though we were not a rich family we would give we wouldRead More 1. Why do you think people are ?religious What particular aspects of society may prompt people to look for religious faith and identity?925 Words   |  4 Pages People are religious for many reasons. These include the difference religion makes in life and how religious beliefs influence actions. Religion structures a religious person’s life. More than three quarters of the world’s population consider they belong to a religion. All aspects of religion are reasons for a person to be religious. For some, the difference that sacred places, books, prayer and celebration make is significant. Others, the belief that there is something beside our own worldRead MoreUnderstanding the Research Process Essay616 Words   |  3 PagesTask Title: Report on the Qualitative Workshop Research area/general focus/background: The focus group was formed to explore the themes and understand the feelings surrounding the near death experiences of hospital patients. Themes: My group found the following themes: †¢ Out of body experiences – One participant felt they were out of their body looking down on the scene as surgeons operated and understood the clinical aspect of the scene. One described no longer being in the room Read MoreEssay on Distinctive Features of Near Death Experiences1186 Words   |  5 PagesDistinctive Features of Near Death Experiences It is estimated that only 5% of the population will have a NDE, this being a time when an individual is pronounced clinically dead but for some reason survives death and lives to try explain why and how they had this experience. Experiences like this are usually life changing. NDE are the link between whether there actually exist a separation between the physical body and the soul this is because the features of NDE’s are

Analysis Of The Pepsi International Strategy Commerce Essay Example For Students

Analysis Of The Pepsi International Strategy Commerce Essay PespiCo is facing monetary value hiking issue in Saudi Arabia ; it is aching its farther enlargement in soft drink industry. PepsiCo requested ministry of economic system of UAE to O.K. a monetary value hiking for their merchandises in the state. But ministry said Government will direct it to the higher commission of consumer protection association for blessing. Outline1 Reasons For Expanding To Foreign Markets:2 Mode of Expansion:3 Beginnings of Competitive Advantage:4 Government Policies:5 Plague Analysis6 Political Influences:7 Economic Influences:8 Socio-Cultural Influences:9 Technological Influences:10 Porter 5 FORCES Analysis11 2. Menace of Substitute Merchandises:12 3. Dickering Power of Suppliers:13 4. Dickering Power of Buyers:14 5. Competition Among Rivals:15 SWOT Analysis16 1.Internal Properties ( Strengths A ; Failings )17 2.External Properties ( Opportunities A ; Threats )18 Critical Issues or Barriers:19 Recommendations:20 Decision:21 Appendix: Reasons For Expanding To Foreign Markets: Coca-Cola, the major rival of Pepsi has been exiled from the desert land. Because of this, Pepsi expanded into Arab Countries A ; has an 80 % portion of the $ 1 billion Saudi soft-drink market. Saudi Arabia is the 3rd largest foreign market of Pepsi, after Mexico and Canada. In 1993, approximately 7 % of Pepsi-Cola International s gross revenues came from Saudi Arabia. The environment in Saudi Arabia makes the state really favourable to soft-drink gross revenues because intoxicant is banned amp ; clime is really hot and dry. Mode of Expansion: Pepsi utilizations franchise system for international enlargement. Beginnings of Competitive Advantage: PepsiCo has competitory advantage in footings of worldwide distribution A ; the company is able to bring forth all its merchandises in the state where they are consumed. Pepsi has a competitory advantage over Coke because of its trade name image A ; good word of oral cavity. Pepsi promotes itself as the figure one pick of the Following Coevals . Government Policies: Presently a 50 per centum rise in Pepsi monetary values in Saudi has angered clients and provoked the land s authorities to name on more than 30 soft drink companies to keep off on farther monetary value hikings. Pepsi increased the monetary value of a can to 1.50 riyals $ 0.40 from 1 riyal.it. Saudi Consumer Protection Association investigated the sudden undue monetary value hiking, the Saudi Gazette reported that official permission should beA granted to soft drink houses before they are allowed to increase monetary values and monetary value rise should non be more than 10 per centum. Plague Analysis Political Influences: Many PepsiCo merchandises are capable to different federal Torahs due to their fabrication, distribution A ; usage, such as the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, the Occupational Safety and Health Act ad the Americans with Disabilities. The international ventures are capable to the Government stableness and concerns are subjected to different revenue enhancement policies in each consumer state. Economic Influences: PepsiCo relies on trucks to travel merchandises so fuel is an of import topic A ; fuel monetary values affairs. The economic impact of foreign exchange rates motions on them is complex because such alterations are frequently linked to variableness in existent growing, rising prices, involvement rates, governmental actions, etc. PepsiCo is besides subjected to other economical factors like money supply, energy handiness, cost and concern rhythms. Socio-Cultural Influences: Pepsi is capable to the lifestyle alterations, so it bases her advertisement runs in people with particular life style. For that PepsiCo has to pay particular attending on lifestyle alterations. It has to be really careful with the possible jobs with the authoritiess and those which could lift from PepsiCo act with the people of KSA. .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 , .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 .postImageUrl , .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 , .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4:hover , .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4:visited , .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4:active { border:0!important; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4:active , .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4 .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u399e8ada01c049bfd32c67b15148b4a4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Year 2000 And Computers EssayTechnological Influences: PepsiCo is exposed to new fabrication techniques, for its three concern units, bite nutrient, juices and soft drinks. It has to pay attending while following flexible A ; advanced distribution techniques. Porter 5 FORCES Analysis 1. Menace of New Entrants: The menace of new entrants in the industry is little yet significant. This is because there are already four participants in the market other so Pepsi itself. 2. Menace of Substitute Merchandises: Presently, the menace of new feasible rivals in the carbonated soft drink industry is non really significant. Possible replacements that continuously put force per unit area on Pepsi include tea, java, juices, milk, and hot cocoa. 3. Dickering Power of Suppliers: The bargaining power of the providers tends to be low harmonizing to the recent analysis. PepsiCo needs to pull off its relationships carefully with the bottling units in order to do alterations in its manner to market the local retail merchants. 4. Dickering Power of Buyers: Here the concern is how to increase market portion and retain its current client because client ever seek to optimise benefit. The purchasing power of consumers besides poses a cardinal menace in the industry. Furthermore consumers can merely exchange to other drinks with small cost or importance. 5. Competition Among Rivals: Pepsi has 48.9 % portion of market A ; it is situated in an environment that is of all time altering and dynamic because coca Cola is keeping 30.9 % portion A ; Cadbury Schweppes 8 % . The local trade names are besides in the market to vie Pepsi. These trade names are Mecca Cola keeping 0.5 % market portion and 0.6 % Zamzam Cola. SWOT Analysis 1.Internal Properties ( Strengths A ; Failings ) Pepsi has strong worldwide distribution system. But it is poorer in its fountain drink division. The ownership in fast nutrient eating houses has ever been disputing for Pepsi. The Coca Cola has been in the top place for fountain drinks because of their ownership in celebrated fast-food eating houses. 2.External Properties ( Opportunities A ; Threats ) External influences that are affect be aftering include the actions of rivals, and a series of societal, legal, economic, and technological factors. An effectual program hence needs to be designed to take history of the external environment menaces. In add-on to its big consumer base, Saudi Arabia has some of the part s biggest athletic nines, most passionate athleticss fans, and has a turning population of jocks and active people. When PepsiCo started its ain Pepsi Bottling Company, it allowed them to cut costs, cut down operating expense, and organize their distribution to make a better synergism. Critical Issues or Barriers: Pepsi can function the 90 % market but job is the bottling of the drink. War crisis between Palestine and Israel is conveying hatred against Pepsi that why USA is non involvement in deciding the issue As Pepsi is US merchandise and these yearss US and foreign merchandises are campaigned non to be used to demo ramp against non-Muslim Acts of the Apostless. Due to recent oil monetary values addition, there is international factor of rising prices and on the other manus Pepsi is cheaper in KSA compared to other states, so Pepsi is confronting job to keep the net incomes. Since employers in KSA are required to give their employees clip to pray toward Mecca five times per twenty-four hours, as set Forth in the Koran, interruption times caused extra operating cost. Health and tummy diseases due to over usage. Fleshiness job which is going common in Saudis. Rumors of Haram ingredients. The tough competition is carried out through packaging every bit good as monetary value. Recommendations: Pepsi is being forced to re-examine their strategic theoretical accounts, based on carbonated soft drinks and travel to new drink classs. Heavy investmentment in hazardous inventions may be suggested in order to reassign resources from other trade names. Pepsi spends 15 % of overall budget on advertisement and selling to be no.1 in the consumer sight. Pepsi should utilize all media vehicles to pull consumers. .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 , .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 .postImageUrl , .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 , .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883:hover , .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883:visited , .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883:active { border:0!important; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883:active , .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883 .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua6b26105eb6af8e5b6eca2db80d58883:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Reconstruction in the South EssayDecision: Consumers want to purchase soft drinks delivered at convenient locations with the right bundle. Pepsi have to do certain that the market keeps turning yearly, and that company merchandises are available everyplace. Pepsi has won the International Quality Award and Bottlers of the twelvemonth Award, so the company feels rather optimistic. Although hard challenges lay in front, yet to work chances through the execution of an effectual and comprehensive selling program 2009. Appendix:

Overpopulation in China Essay Example

Overpopulation in China Paper This rapid growth of the worlds population can be seen extensively in high density actions such as India, USA and particularly, China. However, there is much debate concerning the nature of the fast expanding populace of China and its impact on not only the Chinese society but also the global community. In last 50 years, China has seen the most significant increase in population growth due to medical advancements and increases in agricultural productivity. This growth has also been attributed to a number of factors such as, an increase in births, a decline in mortality rates, an increase in immigration and depletion of resources. If fertility remained at current levels, the population loud reach the absurd figure of 296 billion in just 1 50 years (McKinney 1998). In 2010 over half of the worlds total population (3. 5 billion people) lived in cities and that percentage is expected to reach 70% (6. 2 billion people) or more by 2050. Today, there are 1 80,21 8 people (almost 4 billion) currently living in China alone, accounting for 60% of the worlds population. Thus, it has the largest population in Asia and the world as a whole. However, the immense number of people residing in cities like Beijing is creating an employment crisis in China where there are too many people ND not enough jobs. The current Chinese unemployment rate was last reported at 4. 1 % in the second quarter of 2012. Historically, from 2002 until 201 2, China unemployment Rate averaged 4. 15%reaching an all-time high of 4. 3% in December of 2003 and a record low of 3. 9% in September of 2002 (Trading Economics, 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Overpopulation in China specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Overpopulation in China specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Overpopulation in China specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Chinas job market could suffer a downturn and the government needs to step up efforts to create more positions Cabot, The Telegraph, Friday 28 September 2012). If predictions for a further increase in the population are accurate then Chinas employment situation ill become more complex and more severe, (Went, 201 2, The Official China Securities Journal). Many tactics are currently in action to decrease the population, such as Chinas One Child Policy. The one-child limitation is part of the population control policy of the Peoples Republic of China (PR). It officially restricts couples to having only one child, while allowing exemptions for several cases, including davits, rural couples, ethnic minorities, and parents without any siblings themselves. Approximately 35. 9% of Chinas population is currently subject to the one-child restriction. The policy was introduced in 1978 by the Chinese government to alleviate social, economic, and environmental problems in China and authorities claim that the policy has prevented more than 250 million births from 1980-2000 and 400 million between 1979-2011 (Roach dad Silva, Pascal 2006). The Chinese government and many environmentalists claim that population control is essential if humanity is to move on to a more sustainable track (Watts, 2011 In contrast, an article in The Age written by Peter CIA in July 2012 claims that the one child policy will not reap the desired benefits that the people of China are anticipating. He claims that the Chinese Government needs to take immediate action to change its controversial one-child policy, or face the consequences of economic and social catastrophes in the near future (CIA, 2012). Ghana Earlier (a former senior official from the Family Planning Commission) further claims that If the current policy is not changed immediately, China will face an extremely serious labor shortage and ageing problems in 20 years time. The pressure on society will be unbearable (Earlier, 2012). In contrast, an article in The Age (published 2008) states that 25 years go, China was concerned it had too many children to support. Today, however, China faces the opposite problem: as a result of the success of its One-child policy, the Country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population (Kane, 2008). Thus, there is much controversy surrounding the policy in regards to its impact on overpopulation. What is more, recently in China, there has been not only a focus on the one child policy but also on smart growth, containment, urban growth boundaries, compactness, density and many other concerns. The big encores in regards to overpopulation are the size and density of a population; the ratio of population to resources; whether these resources are available and sustainable and how resources get distributed -? and these concerns are inevitably creating a real world crisis. However, overpopulation is causing a negative impact beyond just the availability of resources. It is forcing China into a State where there is a lack of renewable and non- renewable resources; diminishing sustainable food and fresh water supply; growing disease; epidemics; overcrowding and environmental pollution. Population densities are four times greater in the developing world than in the developed world. Developing nations are likely to more than triple their developed land areas by 2050 (Bee, 2012). However, because China is a developed nation yet still so heavily populated, the carbon footprint of China is even greater. The three main causes of pollution in China are industrialization; increased vehicle use and population growth. Recent statistics show that 656,000 people die per year in China from air pollution, that 50% of the earths tropical rainforests have been lost since 1947 and 88,000,000 barrels of oil are used per year for fuel, food production and the manufacturing of plastic products. An article in The Age by Matt Wade claims that China has become the largest contributor to the global increase in greenhouse gas emissions thus, causing massive air pollution. The more people consuming, the more waste results and more waste means more stress endured on the environment. Water supplies that are contaminated because of the mass amounts of waste continue to be consumed because of the human need for water to survive. Hazardous waste is also causing major lath problems which are contributing to the many diseases and illnesses affecting humans. Pollution is blamed for 300,000 deaths and 20 million cases of respiratory illness a yea (Wade, 2011) and has a direct link to overpopulation. Overpopulation and the pollution that comes as a result of it, has an impact not only on quality and quantity of human life, but also on the worlds already diminishing sustainable food supply. We are five years into a severe global food crisis that is not likely to ease until the global population has considerably declined from its likely peak of over nine billion people in 2050. One billion people were classified as undernourished by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2009, and nearly a billion undernourished in each of 2007, 2008, and 201 1. 3 billion people in the world today struggle to survive on IIS$2/day, and food prices are rising. Experts seem to agree that we need to increase food production by somewhere between 60 100% by 2050 to sufficiently feed this many people (Granting, 2012). Food shortages are the major cause of malnutrition, susceptibility to disease, stunted growth, stunted brain power and starvation ND Chinas current situation will only get worse unless the population is quickly stabilized and an agricultural advancement is discovered. Fifth one child policy was to be relaxed, only a slight increase in average fertility would increase Chinas population and mouths to feed by hundreds of millions. Olivier De Schuster, a UN expert, argues in an article published in The Guardian that the Chinese government has gone to great lengths to ensure the worlds biggest population has enough to eat, however the countries ability to feed a fifth Of the worlds population will become tougher because f land degradation, arbitration and over-reliance on fossil-fuels and fertilizer (De Schuster, 2011 The widening rural-urban gap has hit supply and demand of food with nationwide nutrition levels rising and the growing income disparity has left sharp discrepancies in access to food. China is running out of arable farmland and water resources necessary to feed its massive population. The nation has one of the lowest ratios of arable land relative to population, and the situation has been exacerbated as industries consume scarce water resources necessary for farming. Government officials re warning that that situation is getting worse, not better (Fernando, 201 0, The Business Insider). Ghana Ping, minister of the National Development and Reform Commission claims that acute shortages of reserve farmland and water resources are now the main restraints for the country to ensure its food security.